![]() ![]() Radar designers try to use the highest PRF possible commensurate with the other factors that constrain it, as described below. However, with the higher PRF the range that the radar can "see" is reduced. The higher the PRF that is used, then the more the target is painted. An echo from a target will therefore be 'painted' on the display or integrated within the signal processor every time a new pulse is transmitted, reinforcing the return and making detection easier. In order to build up a discernible echo, most radar systems emit pulses continuously and the repetition rate of these pulses is determined by the role of the system. As with everything else in a radar system, compromises have to be made to a radar system's design to provide the optimal performance for its role. (For simplicity, all further discussion will use metric figures.) If the radar pulse width is 1 μs, then there can be no detection of targets closer than about 150 m, because the receiver is blanked.Īll this means that the designer cannot simply increase the pulse width to get greater range without having an impact on other performance factors. For convenience, these figures may also be expressed as 1 nautical mile in 12.4 μs or 1 kilometre in 6.7 μs. A simple calculation reveals that a radar echo will take approximately 10.8 μs to return from a target 1 statute mile away (counting from the leading edge of the transmitter pulse ( T 0), (sometimes known as transmitter main bang)). While the radar transmitter is active, the receiver input is blanked to avoid the amplifiers being swamped (saturated) or, (more likely), damaged. ![]() Pulse width also determines the radar's dead zone at close ranges. At any range, with similar azimuth and elevation angles and as viewed by a radar with an unmodulated pulse, the range resolution is approximately equal in distance to half of the pulse duration times the speed of light (approximately 300 meters per microsecond). Pulse width also constrains the range discrimination, that is the capacity of the radar to distinguish between two targets that are close together. ![]() Therefore, pulse width constrains the maximum detection range of a target. The amount of energy that can be delivered to a distant target is the product of two things the peak output power of the transmitter, and the duration of the transmission. The pulse width must be long enough to ensure that the radar emits sufficient energy so that the reflected pulse is detectable by its receiver. If the pulse is not a perfect square wave, the time is typically measured between the 50% power levels of the rising and falling edges of the pulse. The pulse width ( τ ) (or pulse duration) of the transmitted signal is the time, typically in microseconds, each pulse lasts. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Floor & Decor would have ended 2018 with double-digit same-store-sales growth, continuing a 10-year winning streak of double-digit CSS growth, but for the impact of Hurricane Harvey on its Houston market. As a result, it does more business than Lumber Liquidators, $1.7 billion in FY 2018, with about one-fourth the total number of stores.Īnd while Lumber Liquidators expects to generate mid-to-upper single digit growth and mid-single digit comp store sales growth in FY 2018, Floor & Decor killed it with 23.5% net sales increase and 9.2% comp sales growth over 2017. Its stores are beautiful and shopping there feels more luxurious. Like Lumber Liquidators, it sells only hard floor coverings, as well as hard surfaces for kitchen and bath, so it is focused on what’s hot in flooring today, not dragged down by carpet like so many other independents.īut unlike Lumber Liquidators with its heavy discount/promotional positioning, Floor & Decor aims for a more discerning buyer. It bumped Lumber Liquidators with $1 billion in 2017 sales and nearly 400 locations out of its first-class ranking in 2016.įloor & Decor is the category killer in specialty floor retail. Sitting on the top of that heap is Floor & Decor with 100 stores. In 2017 Floor Covering Weekly’s top 50 flooring specialty retailers held some 12% of the total product market. Complicating matters further in the independent’s space has been the rise of aggressive specialty flooring retailers that leverage expertise in the flooring category against the big boxes’ more generalized home improvement positioning. ![]() ![]() ![]() "A virtual machine powered on from the Boot Camp partition can fail if the Boot Camp partition uses a display connected as a USB device. VMware is now part of a new official partner program with Microsoft.It seems what I am running into is a known issue with a conflict between DisplayLink drivers and VMWare Fusion. The “insight and development guidance directly from Microsoft” VMware will be able to receive as a result of this announcement will help smooth out “some items that need work,” VMware said. “After years of development and effort to make Fusion support Windows on Arm without explicit support, and even in the face of ambiguity in several areas, we recently released VMware Fusion 13 with improvements to specifically support Windows on Arm with Fusion on Macs with Apple silicon,” said VMware in a blog post. Other partner organizations including VMware have responded positively to the news. “Mac is increasingly an integral part of enterprise’s digital workspaces, and Windows on Arm is a key component in ensuring they have equal access to all corporate resources,” said Shannon Kalvar, IDC research director at Alludo, in a press release. “In line with our vision, we are excited to see that, in collaboration with Microsoft, Arm versions of Windows can run in a virtualized environment on Parallels Desktop on the latest Mac systems running Apple’s powerful M-series chips.”Īlludo also frames this as a win for remote work, as it gives more flexibility to IT teams. Therefore, the vision for our Parallels portfolio has been to allow users to access their applications on any device, anywhere,” said Prashant Ketkar, chief technology and product officer at Alludo. “At Alludo, we believe that all employees should have the freedom and flexibility to choose where, when, and how they do their best work. It uses Arm versions to run them on computers with Apple’s M1 or M2 chips. This is enabled by Parallels Desktop version 18, an authorized Windows partner for running Windows 11 Pro and Windows 11 Enterprise in a virtual environment. The 10 best project management software and tools The best payroll software for your small businessġ0 best antivirus software for businesses “IT administrators can now enable their users to run Windows 11 on Arm on the Parallels platform, with the support from Alludo and assurance that Microsoft has authorized this solution,” said Alludo, the company that makes Parallel. This is because 32-bit Arm apps are in the process of being deprecated for Arm versions of Windows. Overall, users who wish to run Windows 11 on an Arm-based PC should use 64-bit Arm apps or apps in 圆4 or x86 emulation on Mac M1 and M2 computers. Games and multimedia apps using the DirectX 12 suite.Windows Sandbox (for testing applications in isolation).Windows Subsystem for Linux (for running a Linux environment). ![]() Windows Subsystem for Android (Android applications for Windows available through the Amazon appstore).Systems that require an additional layer of virtualization won’t be a good fit. There are limitations to what can run on the Arm versions of Windows 11. Limitations to what can run on Arm versions of Windows 11 The Windows 365 subscription enables nested virtualization for testing, running emulators, ensuring full application compatibility and more. Now, Windows 11 can be streamed on Mac computers built with M-series processors using a Cloud PC and the Windows 365 service. Other popular emulators like Boot Camp were also previously functional but not officially licensed on Arm. Users have been able to run Windows 10 on Arm since 2020, but it wasn’t licensed for devices outside of the Surface line and certain OEMs. Arm custom-made the M1 and M2 chips for Apple. VMware’s response to this Microsoft newsĪrm processors have some distinct requirements compared to other processor architectures such as the popular x86 chips from Intel and AMD.Limitations to what can run on Arm version of Windows 11.Microsoft has officially authorized Windows 11 to run on Macs with Apple’s Arm M1 and M2 chips, according to an update post on Microsoft’s support page. Get related details about Parallels and VMware, as well as the limitations to what can run on Arm versions of Windows 11. Microsoft officially supports running Windows 11 on M1 and M2 Macs ![]() ![]() ![]() Star Wars Episode 1: Racer on Nintendo.Star Wars Episode I: Racer at Wikipedia.The game was met with positive to average reception. The Game Boy Color cartridge had a rumble feature, though it would occasionally run out of power, requiring you to replace its batteries. The graphics weren't as superior as the Nintendo 64 game's and was seen from a bird's eye view. The Game Boy Color version was vastly different from its console counterpart. The player can also actively repair the podracer while competing, but doing so slows the podracer until repairs are either complete or stopped. Rein in a turbine-driven chariot through 8 spectacular worlds. The podracer will also be destroyed if one or both engines sustain severe damage from colliding into too many walls or obstacles, requiring the player to steer carefully to avoid falling behind. Take the controls as Anakin Skywalker, or any one of over 21 Podracers, and feel the full-force blast of two massive jet engines at simulated speeds of up to 600 mph. While activated the podracer's temperature will rise, and if the player boosts for too long, the engines will explode, destroying the podracer and costing the player several seconds to respawn and continue racing. The player character's podracer is equipped with a boost function that the player can activate. It includes all of the racers featured in the movie as well as additional competitors exclusive to the game. OTHERWISE, YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO USE CHEATS FOR THE FINAL AND MOST DIFFICULT CIRCUIT.įollow the walkthrough and just ignore the tips to actually beat the levels normally.Star Wars Episode I: Racer features a variety of tracks spanning several different planets. ONCE YOU REACH THE CREDITS AT THE END OF THE 3 RD CIRCUIT, YOU MUST WATCH THEM UNTIL THE END SO THAT YOUR ONE SITTING DOES NOT END. IF YOU USE THIS METHOD, YOU MUST DO IT ALL IN ONE SITTING OR YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO ACCESS CHEATS ON THAT SAVE FILE AGAIN (AND WILL NEED TO RESTART ON A NEW ONE). If you waited at the beginning and got a boost start, you should have gotten first place. Then do so one final time to end the race. Relive all the thrills and excitement of the Podracer sequence from Star Wars: Episode I. ![]() Immediately reverse and fast forward again in the same way to reach lap 3. Once everyone rounds the corner, hold until you are back before the top left corner. Beginning of race boost: If you start holding right as the '1' of the countdown at the beginning of the race disappears, your speeder will boost forward like in all other arcade racers. Now, here is how you will win every race. You can also turn on Mirrored Mode if you want that achievement immediately. And AI Level X10 down to at least 6 (use to turn it down by. This will add the Game Cheats to your pause menu. Select the first race and press right to turn up the stake to “Winner Takes All.” Start the race. For every single level in the game, you will need to get first place. Now, create a save with whatever initials, and choose whoever. If you select an already created save file, all characters will already be unlocked so you will not be able to unlock any of those achievements. Choose a character and press twice.Ĭlick Tournament again and select another EMPTY save file. Now, select initials with and click END to actually create a save file. It should say OK at the bottom left of the screen for a second after you do that. No other podracer even comes close to Bens boost. But he more than makes up for those things by having the best boost in the game. His turning is slow, especially when boosting, and he is huge. Hold and enter the following code selecting each letter with : “RRTANGENTABACUS” and also use to press END. The overall best podracer in the game and the king of time attack. How to cheat to make the game a joke to complete:Ĭlick Tournament and select an empty save slot. (Like Mario Kart as the 2 is about to switch to 1 and other games where start holding right as the GO appears). If you start holding right as the "1" of the countdown at the beginning of the race disappears, your speeder will boost forward like in all other arcade racers. Turn off your boost with before this happens to avoid it. If it reaches the end, your engine will light on fire. The gauge will fill up slowly a third time while the circle glows red. Now, you can click to activate your boost. Once this happens, you have to hold until it fills up a second time and the circle turns yellow. As you drive at your top speed, the gauge fills up until it reaches that end and the circle glows green. + – Boost (I’ll explain below, it’s more complicated than that.)īoosting is controlled by the gauge at the bottom right of the screen. ![]() ![]() Another if your team rushes as Medics, Snipers, or Spies.Take a shot if someone's trying to incite a class rush.Two more shots if the class is an Engineer.Take a shot whenever someone complains about there being too little of a class on the team.Two more if you're one of the class, and you're one of the good ones.Just down the bottle if your team only has Spies and Snipers.Another two if 3 or more of your teammates are Snipers or Spies.Another if the class that's being complained about there being too much of is Sniper or Spy.Another if they're complaining about there being too many of the class they're playing as.Take a shot whenever someone complains there are too many of a class on the team.Take a quarter can of your favorite soda if you are the kid, or if you're a different kid on the same server.Down the bottle and facepalm if your team flames them anyway.Take 4 if they're actually doing really well or are actually acting mature.Take a shot for every little kid with a mic in your server.One more shot if you saw their laser sight just before it moved to your head.An extra shot if they manage to dominate you.Take a shot when you're killed by a Sniper.Another if the vote was to extend the map time.Take a shot if someone starts a vote just as the server is about to rotate maps.Take two shots if you get knocked off by a Force-A-Nature Scout.Take a shot when a Pyro airblasts you off the map.Add one to the above if you're the Spy.Another bottle is the Spy is disguised as an enemy Spy.A whole bottle if that Spy was disguised. ![]() Exception You can refrain from this one if there was no one else for the Medic to Über, or the Medic is using The Kritzkrieg. Down your drink if you get a hat from the item drop system.Take a shot if the round starts while there are either less than six people total on the server, and/or the teams are horribly unbalanced.And another if you have surprisingly good ping on that server.Take a shot if you end up on a server very distant from your current location.Take a sip for every two minutes you spend queueing for a game. ![]() ![]() Contact Studycatįurther information about us and our products, can be found in the About Us section of the Studycat website. Additional lessons are available as in-app purchases individually or save money by purchasing our multi-lesson packs.įun English Course includes all the lessons listed above for a single upfront payment and no in-app purchases and can be purchased from the Apple App Store, Amazon Appstore & Google Play. Your first two English lessons are included for free. Download it for free from the Amazon Appstore, Google Play & the Apple App Store. If you liked these games, and want ideas for a colors lesson, and all other lesson types, then you can download our app.įun English is available for Android and Apple iOS devices. Just Color most likely the largest online gallery of coloring pages: it’s easy to navigate, contains over 1500 free coloring pages. With just 100 squares to work with, youll need to be creative and use logic to solve the. Are you a big fan of bubble pop games & bubble matching games Get ready for a bubble puzzle action to pop the bubbles, and beat level after level with this. Hint: Hit the cards on the bottom first, they don’t fly so high if you don’t get a pair. A 10x10 puzzle is a great way to test your problem-solving skills.Educational Purpose: Learn the colors by repetitive play.Game Purpose: Match color pairs against the clock.Try to finish each level as quickly as possible. This game definitely adds a twist to the usual boring colors lesson activities – hope you enjoy it! Some adults find this tough but most kids who play like the challenge and unpredictability this adds. This makes it more of a challenge to remember where the cards are. If you select two cards that don’t match, they are thrown into the air and re-positioned. There is a twist to Memory game that many other memory games don’t have. The idea is that people will enjoy playing this game and learn while they are playing. Repetition is a great way to introduce vocabulary. That is why it is an introductory activity. Playing this game will allow kids (or adults) to hear the names of the colors over and over. These memory games are best played as a whole class activity with 2/3 teams. When you find all the pairs the stage is over and you can move to the next stage where more cards fall and you can uncover more pairs. These Matching / Memory games are fun PowerPoint games to review vocabulary. The purpose is to find two cards of the same color. Cards fall into the scene and you can click on one to reveal it’s color. ‘Memory’ is the name of the first game, as it’s a simple pair matching game with a twist. Here are some fun games to use if you have a colors lesson! If you find your child or students are having trouble remembering the colors, or just want to practice, then you’ve come to the right place. ![]() ![]() ![]() The game presents five new campaigns, each composed of four or five smaller maps. Like its predecessor, Left 4 Dead 2 is a first-person shooter with a heavy emphasis on cooperative gameplay, with some cutscenes presented in the third-person or using pre-rendered movies. The survivors then make their way across a lift bridge amid a mass of infected and board the last military helicopter leaving the city before the bridge is destroyed.Īlthough the survivors' fate after evacuation is left unexplained, Chet Faliszek, the game's writer has said that the military is taking survivors to cruise ships in an attempt to escape the infection. But as the group make their way to the extraction point, they find that the military is actually bombing bridges to cover their retreat ("The Parish"). Virgil takes them to New Orleans, where the military appears to still be evacuating civilians, before travelling upriver to find more survivors. Amid a torrential downpour, the survivors go ashore, making their way through an abandoned sugar mill to a gas station to get fuel supplies, and return to the boat ("Hard Rain"). Finding brief shelter in a plantation mansion, they make radio contact with a boat captain named Virgil who rescues them, but informs them that he needs additional diesel fuel to make it to New Orleans. This causes the helicopter to crash into a bayou ("Swamp Fever"). ![]() Though rescued, they find that their pilot has been infected, and Nick is forced to kill him. Following an encounter with the survivors featured in Left 4 Dead ("The Passing", a downloadable mission set to be released in Spring 2010), the group finds the highway completely blocked by wrecked vehicles, and the four are forced to travel through a still-operating (but abandoned) amusement park, and start a huge fireworks-and-lights show used by the fictional band, The Midnight Riders, in order to attract the attention of a helicopter pilot ("Dark Carnival"). Following a brief encounter with a gun store owner, Whitaker (voiced by Dayton Callie), the mall is found to be overrun, and the four use a stock car to bust out of the mall and travel towards New Orleans. Unlike the first game, where there was no significant story development, Left 4 Dead 2 features a story arc.Īfter climbing a hotel in Savannah to achieve rescue, the survivors find themselves abandoned by helicopters, and make their way to the local mall after hearing word of a second evacuation point there ("Dead Center"). Left 4 Dead 2 introduces four new survivors, whose backstory is again provided through dialogue. Left 4 Dead 2 is set in the Southern United States, starting in Savannah, Georgia and ending in New Orleans, Louisiana. The four survivors have to fight their way through the hordes of infected, using safehouses along the way to rest and recover, in order to reach extraction points. There has been an outbreak of a rabies-like pathogen that causes infected humans to behave like zombies. Like Left 4 Dead, the sequel involves the aftermath of an apocalyptic pandemic. There also have been concerns about the game's graphic content, as seen from the alterations made to the cover art as well as the refusal of classification by the Australian Office of Film and Literature Classification for the unmodified edition. The game attracted an unusually high volume of pre-release controversy,receiving a combination of positive, negative, critical, and community reactions. Several new features have been introduced, such as new types of infected, melee weapons, and a story-arc that connects each of the game's five campaigns together. The gameplay is procedurally altered by an artificial intelligence engine dubbed the "Director" that monitors the players' performance and alters the scenario to provide a dynamic challenge for the players as they progress. The survivors must fight their way through levels, interspersed with safe houses that act as checkpoints, with the goal of reaching a rescue vehicle at the campaign's finale. Like the original, Left 4 Dead 2 is set during the aftermath of an apocalyptic pandemic, and focuses on four survivors fighting against hordes of the infected. The game made its world premiere at E3 2009 with a trailer during the Microsoft press event. It builds upon the cooperatively focused gameplay of the original and uses Valve's proprietary Source engine, the same game engine used in Left 4 Dead. The game launched on November 17, 2009, for Microsoft Windows and Xbox 360 in the United States and November 20 in Europe. It is the sequel to Valve Corporation's award-winning Left 4 Dead. ![]() Left 4 Dead 2 is a cooperative first-person shooter game. ![]() ![]() ![]() Please note, JDiskReport is a Java-based tool, so you'll need Java installed before it will work. While selecting "Types" shows you which file types are consuming the most space.Īnd a range of useful configuration options allow you to do everything from excluding particular folders from the report, to defining precisely how you'd like the charts to look. Clicking "Top 50" reveals the 50 largest files in the tree you're examining, for instance. JDiskReport analyzes your disk drives and collects several statistics. Let’s know all details of your Hard Disk. ![]() The program does offer alternative views on your files, though. Download JDiskReport for Windows for free. You'll have your own space hogs, of course, but JDiskReport should still expose them in just a few seconds. Why? Clicking any folder on the pie chart allows you to drill down, and in a click or two we found that the main culprit was a VirtualBox virtual machine setup, which required 30.1GB all on its own. So immediately we could see that, for instance, the Users folder was gobbling up the most hard drive space on our test system, at 69.1GB. Then you see the basic report, which shows you an Explorer-type view of your folders on the left, and a pie chart on the right revealing how much each one is taking up. What We Don't Like Some features require the paid Pro edition. This all starts by pointing the program at the folder tree you'd like it to examine, and it then spends a moment analysing your files (and only a moment, really - it's quite speedy, considering what the program has to do). 01 of 08 Disk Savvy What We Like Easier to use than most disk space analyzers. JDiskReport is an excellent free Java tool which will scan your hard drive and provide a host of useful information about how its space is being used. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() One of their friends approaches and says: Agora não, roupa suja se lava em casa. Imagine a couple is in a shopping mall, and they begin a heated argument. For example, if you’re considering whether or not you should lend money to a friend, someone might tell you this proverb as a word of advice.Įxactly like its English equivalent, this proverb means that one should not discuss private or family problems in public. This Portuguese proverb can be used for any similar situation, whenever professional and personal lives risk getting caught up in each other. When it comes to business, having a friend as a coworker or business partner can cause the demise of the friendship. This is a warning about the dangers of mixing friendship and money matters. “Each monkey on its own branch, I don’t know.” You could say: Cada macaco no seu galho, eu não sei. Imagine that someone is feeding you some juicy gossip about one of your friends, and asks for your opinion. This is a witty way to say, “Mind your own business.” It indicates that each person has their place, and shouldn’t try to meddle in other people’s affairs. Since people with similar values and dispositions tend to spend time together, we can know a lot about a person based on his/her friends. Another English proverb that comes to mind is, “Birds of a feather flock together.” This saying means that the people we surround ourselves with is a good indication of our character. The conjugation in this proverb is in second-person singular, which is considered more formal in most of Brazil. “Tell me who you walk with, and I’ll tell you who you are.” ![]() Below are a few Portuguese proverbs about family, friendship, and romance to give you some cultural perspective on the topic! Portugueseĭiga-me com quem andas e eu te direi quem és. Relationships make life all the more precious, but they can also be quite trying. Continue Learning Portuguese with PortuguesePod101.“God helps those who wake up early.” Table of Contents With each proverb listed, we’ve included a literal translation, an equivalent in English (where one exists), and information about when you can use it. In this article, we’ll dive into the curious world of Portuguese proverbs. And who knows? It may even impart you with some age-old wisdom! Studying Brazilian proverbs will help you understand a bit more about the country and its people, and also increase your vocabulary. It’s also interesting to see how globalization, miscegenation, and cultural exchanges are reflected in proverbs. Many times, a proverb only makes sense in one place or culture until explained, because it’s very closely tied to local traditions and mindsets. Proverbs are also a repository of local culture. Portuguese proverbs are no exception, carrying much meaning in a few words. These gems of popular wisdom are passed from generation to generation, sometimes suffering alterations and adaptations, but always remaining witty or wise. There’s something very satisfying about using a proverb that perfectly fits the situation. ![]() ![]() ![]() To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault with a man who chooses to enjoy a pleasure that has no annoying consequences, or one who avoids a pain that produces no resultant pleasure?" Section 1.10.33 of "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum", written by Cicero in 45 BC Nor again is there anyone who loves or pursues or desires to obtain pain of itself, because it is pain, but because occasionally circumstances occur in which toil and pain can procure him some great pleasure. No one rejects, dislikes, or avoids pleasure itself, because it is pleasure, but because those who do not know how to pursue pleasure rationally encounter consequences that are extremely painful. "But I must explain to you how all this mistaken idea of denouncing pleasure and praising pain was born and I will give you a complete account of the system, and expound the actual teachings of the great explorer of the truth, the master-builder of human happiness. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit qui in ea voluptate velit esse quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum qui dolorem eum fugiat quo voluptas nulla pariatur?" 1914 translation by H. ![]() Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. "Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum." Section 1.10.32 of "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum", written by Cicero in 45 BC Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. ![]() The standard Lorem Ipsum passage, used since the 1500s Sections 1.10.32 and 1.10.33 from "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum" by Cicero are also reproduced in their exact original form, accompanied by English versions from the 1914 translation by H. The standard chunk of Lorem Ipsum used since the 1500s is reproduced below for those interested. The first line of Lorem Ipsum, "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.", comes from a line in section 1.10.32. This book is a treatise on the theory of ethics, very popular during the Renaissance. Lorem Ipsum comes from sections 1.10.32 and 1.10.33 of "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum" (The Extremes of Good and Evil) by Cicero, written in 45 BC. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, looked up one of the more obscure Latin words, consectetur, from a Lorem Ipsum passage, and going through the cites of the word in classical literature, discovered the undoubtable source. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. ![]() |